In a blind or blinded experiment, information which may influence the participants of the experiment is withheld (masked or blinded) until after the experiment is complete. The authors have provided a detailed description of methods that could overcome some barriers of blinding in clinical trials assessing nonpharmacological treatment. We define blinding as the process of concealing research design elements such as group assignment, treatment agent, and research hypotheses from participants, health care providers, or data collectors (Penson & Wei, 2006; Portney & Watkins, 2000). Although more logistically challenging, it is best to blind participants, clinicians/researchers, data collectors and statisticians/data analysts . Certainly, methods for blinding can affect the generalizability of results to less controlled situations (i.e., external validity) .
In construction, 'blinding' typically refers to a base layer of weak concrete or sand that is laid above a layer of hardcore to provide a clean, level and dry working surface. Blinding is necessary for control of bias in clinical trials. Blinding, in research, refers to a practice where study participants are prevented from knowing certain information that may somehow influence them—thereby tainting the results. Coke versus Pepsi taste trials are conducted in this way: Participants are, literally, blindfolded as they sample the two colas and indicate their preference. Good blinding can reduce or eliminate experimental biases that arise from a participants' expectations, observer's effect on the participants, observer bias, confirmation bias, and other sources.

Blinding, in research, mentions to a practice where the study population or the stakeholders involved in research are not permitted from knowing certain information or treatment, which may somehow influence the study findings. Methods: Systematic review of randomized clinical trials with one sub-study (i.e. Blinding - Designing Buildings Wiki - Share your construction industry knowledge. Blinding or masking in research refers to not informing the patients and/or the investigators about the treatment assessment. ). Blinding or masking (the process of keeping the study group assignment hidden after allocation) is commonly used to reduce the risk of bias in clinical trials with two or more study groups. Blinding (sometimes called masking) is used to try to eliminate such bias.
The reason for blinding and masking is to prevent subjective bias that can occur due to the knowledge of the assessment. Mar 02, 2015 By Maher M. El-Masri, RN, PhD Terminology 101: Blinding in RCTs Blinding: The act of concealing or masking the true intervention of a randomized clinical trial from study participants and/or clinicians and data assessors to eliminate measurement bias Source: Guyatt, G., Rennie, D., Meade, M. O., & Cook, D. J. In research there is a particular risk of expectation influencing findings, most obviously when there is some subjectivity in assessment, leading to biased results. Also, blinding methods may actually cause other problems such as distraction of participants and impaired timing of data collection while research personnel rotate responsibilities.

Human behaviour is influenced by what we know or believe.

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